Essay Confession of Raskolnikov to a crime

Essays

Literature

Dostoevsky

The work of the outstanding writer Dostoevsky “Crime and Punishment” shows how a person can withstand all moral unrest, and Raskolnikov had many dreams.

The final chapter is considered the main action in the work; in it, the schismatics confess to the crime. We see such events in the chapter of repentance. Raskolnikov was sure that people are divided into two types, some overcome themselves and go to rebellion, and the people around them will agree with poor living conditions. He wanted to prove this theory to himself, whether I am a trembling creature or a person who has the right. Therefore, he decided to kill the old woman. He thought that he could live without thinking about the consequences of the crime he committed. But in the end, he destroyed his life, and the constant feeling of guilt does not give him salvation. Sonya Marmeladova provides enormous support in his life. This girl became a lifeline for him.

Raskolnikov developed warm feelings for the girl. But tormented by the monstrous act, the guy decides to tell her all the adventures that happened to him. Once at Sonya’s, he talks about the crime, but it was clear from his face that he must answer for the crime committed. This gave Raskolnikov hope of getting rid of his torment. Sonya said that he must go to Sennaya Square and ask for forgiveness from the earth, because he committed a sin before her, and not before the people, by declaring murder. Once on the square, he experienced a new feeling; then he was sure that he had to answer for his crime. But due to internal doubts, he was unable to talk about past events. Suddenly he realized that all the thoughts he believed in meant nothing. They make no sense, and the guy ruined his life with such actions.

Near the office, the young man’s legs went numb, but he continued to walk, realizing the correctness of his action. Unexpectedly, he met Prokhor, who was leading this case. Raskolnikov was overcome by fear that he had guessed his involvement in the crime. Upon entering the office, he could not confess to the murder. Suddenly Raskolnikov saw Sonya, who was hiding in the yard. The guy thought that she would support him in any situation, so he went into the office and told about the crime. Such recognition meant the insignificant existence of his nature. In fact, repentance came to him during hard labor after a conversation with Sonya and an appeal to God. In a difficult life situation, his soul was saved by love and humanity.

Other topics: ← Interiors in the novel Crime and Punishment ↑ Dostoevsky Numbers in the novel Crime and Punishment →

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Repentance of Rodion Raskolnikov in the novel by F. M.

- a work where the author raises the topic of poor and humiliated people. At the same time, this novel is devoted to an analysis of the nature of the crime, its social and moral side, as well as an analysis of the punishment that will follow immediately.

The idea of murder arose from the hero of the novel, Raskolnikov, who imagined himself to be a superman and wanted to test his theory. However, I was mistaken about myself. Having committed a crime, the hero lost peace, his conscience began to torment him and he concluded that he was not a superhuman, that other people’s destinies could be decided, but that he was just a trembling creature.

Raskolnikov's repentance and punishment

And now, the crime has been committed, but will there be confession and repentance for Raskolnikov? Studying the work, we see that Raskolnikov’s path to repentance is long. Only after meeting Sonya, he decides to repent and admit what he did. Only this girl, to whom the hero was able to open his soul, was able to influence his decision and repent in the novel Crime and Punishment. This happened at the very end.

Yes, the main character of the work for a long time did not want to come to terms with the fact that according to the laws of people he is a criminal. He rebels to the last, but still the moment of Raskolnikov’s repentance, which is confirmed by quotes from the novel, occurred. The character first goes to the square where the nation's repentance took place. There Raskolnikov knelt down and kissed the ground, as if asking for forgiveness for what he had done. However, he could not open up to the people themselves, and he had no desire, because everyone considered him drunk.

Raskolnikov thought that if he confessed to the murder in front of the trembling creatures, then he would equate himself with them, but he had not yet finally come to this conclusion.

He did not immediately confess to the police station. Only after the news of Svidrigailov’s suicide, and after the vision of Sonya, on whose face something exhausted and sick was imprinted. All this together prompted Raskolnikov to take the step of recognition. But even at this moment there was no real repentance. It came later, at hard labor. And only after this the hero lightened his soul, he felt unity with all living things and with the whole world.

Dostoevsky's novel Crime and Punishment was originally defined as "a psychological account of a crime." The main thing in the book is not the crime itself, but questions about the moral law. Does it exist for all people? Or is everything permitted to the “finishers of humanity”? These questions confront Raskolnikov and torment his heart. The killer doubts the correctness of his idea to break the old law, prejudice (for, as a “superman,” he “has the right”).

The hero is tormented by the feeling of disconnection from the world that he feels after the crime.

One of the main reasons that forced Raskolnikov to confess was the collapse of his theory. The hero understands that, having crossed the line, he did not become a “superman”, but remained the same as everyone else: “Obey, trembling creature - and do not desire, because it is none of your business.” Sonya Marmeladova had a great influence on the criminal. She commits a crime against herself, suffers for the good of the family, follows the path of self-sacrifice: “...and only then did he fully understand what these poor little orphans meant to her...” The girl does not understand how one can break the moral law that prohibits killing people, and invites Rodion to confess: “Stand at the crossroads, bow, kiss first the ground that you desecrated, and then bow to the whole world, on all four sides, and tell everyone, out loud: “I killed!”

In the end, Raskolnikov follows Sonya’s path - he decides to suffer to atone for his sin and confesses.

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Dostoevsky in his novel reveals the image of a man driven to despair who has committed a crime, strives to convey to us his thoughts, experiences, feelings, pangs of conscience, to show the psychology of the killer, and, above all, reflects on the topic of repentance and atonement for sin.

Raskolnikov Rodion Romanovich, a former student living in St. Petersburg, left the university due to lack of funds. There are many reasons that forced him to commit the murder of the old pawnbroker: need, difficult life circumstances bring the hero to exhaustion, he is forced to hide from the mistress of the house, since he has nothing to pay for housing, sister Dunya, in order to help her brother and mother, decided to marry depraved Luzhin. Walking through the outskirts of St. Petersburg, he sees pictures of poverty and humiliation, some are trying to commit suicide, some are selling their bodies, like the daughter of his friend Sonya Marmeladova, and some are profiting from other people, like the old woman he hates. All these events pass through Raskolnikov’s soul and affect his psyche. A rebellion against all this injustice is ripening in his soul. He decides to commit a small evil for the sake of a great good. He believes that by killing the old woman, he will bring more good and justice to this world than evil. He has also long had a theory about two types of people. By murder, he decides to test who he is, an “extraordinary person” who is allowed to commit evil for a good purpose, or just a “trembling creature” and “material.” With these thoughts, he decides to kill.

Circumstances forced Raskolnikov to kill not only the pawnbroker, he and her harmless pregnant sister Lizaveta. Having committed a crime, the hero doubts that he will be able to calmly withstand the severity of this act, he begins to have disturbing dreams, thoughts of suicide, and is tormented by his conscience. Sometimes the hero thinks that he can live with a “black spot on his conscience.” Pride and self-confidence awaken in him. Unable to stand it, he tells Sonya about the murder, who, he feels, can understand him, since she herself is mired in sin. She wants to save his soul, persuading him to repent and surrender to the authorities. After some time, he surrenders to the police, even then he does not regard this as repentance, but only considers it weakness, he still does not see much guilt in what he did. The first time he spent in penal servitude severely pricked his pride. However, Sonya returned his urge to life when she followed him to Siberia.

I believe that Raskolnikov atoned for his sin by repenting and letting love and God into his soul.

Svidrigailov chose a different path to atone for sin. He committed many sins during his life: Because of his harassment, Raskolnikov’s sister lost her job, he killed several of his serfs and his wife. Realizing this, he tries to atone for Dunya by offering her money and trying to prevent the wedding with Luzheny. But, having not received forgiveness, he commits suicide.

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Lesson objectives:

I. Educational

Educational:

To give an idea of the concept of “human mystery” in the artistic world of the writer.
Analyzing episodes of a work of art, supplement and generalize students’ ideas about the psychological portrait of Dostoevsky’s hero.
Analyze Raskolnikov’s path to acquiring human values through suffering.
Using test questions, identify students’ level of knowledge on the topic.
By analyzing fragments of the text and the episode, create in students a holistic idea of the character of Dostoevsky’s hero.

Developmental:

Continue work on developing analytical and speech skills.

Analytical skills:

argue your point of view;
draw conclusions and participate in discussion;
express your attitude to what you read.

Speech skills:

create an oral response;
expressively read the text of a work of art (in this case, fragments).

II. Educational:

create a pedagogical situation for thinking about the moral qualities of a person;
help students form an understanding of the humanistic positions of modern man.

Lesson type: lesson on improving knowledge, skills and abilities.

Form of training: organization of research work in microgroups, participation in dialogue, discussions.

Equipment: presentation (PowerPoint) including questions and tasks, illustrations, quotes, a film fragment from the film “Crime and Punishment” directed by L. Kulidzhanov); handouts (text fragments with tasks).

During the classes

1. Introductory speech by the teacher. (Presentation, slide No. 1.)

The task of today's lesson is to trace the path of the resurrection of man in Raskolnikov, to generalize knowledge about the psychological portrait of Dostoevsky's hero and once again to take a closer look at Dostoevsky's man, to reflect on the great secret.

Pay attention to the epigraph to the lesson: “Dostoevsky explores and discovers the pangs of conscience and repentance at such a depth to which they have not been visible before.” These are the words of the Russian philosopher N. Berdyaev. All of Dostoevsky's work can be called a grandiose experience about man. This is an artistic study of a man of the 19th century, his historical fate, his present and future.

Student actions: students write down the topic of the lesson and the epigraph in their notebooks.

2. Teacher. So, we begin research activities. What, in your opinion, helps Raskolnikov take the path of repentance?

Sample student answers: Raskolnikov is not alone, he is surrounded by loving people who are ready to support him spiritually.

3. Presentation, slide No. 2

Teacher. In front of you on the screen are Raskolnikov’s words. The teacher reads aloud the quote: “Oh, if I were alone and no one loved me and I myself would not love anyone! All this wouldn’t exist.” Remember under what circumstances Raskolnikov pronounces these words and what do they mean for the hero?

Sample student answers: this is Raskolnikov’s internal monologue after saying goodbye to his mother and talking with his sister. The conversation with Dunya leads Raskolnikov into confusion. He does not admit guilt, but at the same time asks his sister for forgiveness.

These words are a condition under which a criminal may not consider himself a criminal. If a person is lonely, he is responsible only for himself, Raskolnikov thinks so. A lonely person is not responsible for his actions to anyone. This is the hero's opinion.

4. Teacher. We must recreate the psychological portrait of Raskolnikov. Questions:
(Presentation, slide No. 3.)
What is the most important condition for Raskolnikov, under which a criminal may not consider himself a criminal?

Did Raskolnikov break all ties with the outside world?

Does Raskolnikov have a feeling that prevents him from becoming an inveterate criminal?

Student Action: Students write the conclusion in their notebook, then read it aloud.

Sample student answers:

Raskolnikov believes that freedom and loneliness are the conditions that allow a criminal to commit a crime. Do not love anyone, do not depend on anyone, sever all personal and family ties.

Raskolnikov did not break all ties with the outside world. He tries, but family and personal ties hold him back. Otherwise he would not have uttered the words: “Oh, if only I were alone...”.

Yes, it does. After all, he asks for forgiveness from his mother and sister, kneels before Sonya. He cannot escape from the people around him, and this, perhaps, is the key to his salvation.

5. Teacher. Today in the media the word “ crime”

.
But the word conscience
.
You, people of the 21st century, are now invited to think about the meaning of these words. What meaning do you put into the words “crime” and “conscience”?
Students' actions: answer the question orally. Sample student answers:

crime is an evil done to another person or society. Conscience is an inner voice, a sense of responsibility, awareness of one’s guilt.

6. Teacher. Look carefully at your answers and reflect on the questions:

Can Raskolnikov be called a criminal?
Is Raskolnikov experiencing pangs of conscience?

Students' actions: write down the answers in a notebook, then comment on their point of view. Sample answers.

A criminal is a person who has violated law and order. This is the one who transgresses the moral and legal law. Violates the will of God. Lives only for himself.

Raskolnikov is a criminal. He commits murder, violates the Christian commandment “thou shalt not kill.” The fact that he is a criminal is indicated not only by the murder of the old pawnbroker and Lizaveta, but also by Raskolnikov’s creation of a theory about the right of a strong personality to commit a crime, a theory about two categories of people. In his actions, Raskolnikov is guided only by his desire, forgetting about the highest truth.
It seems at first glance that the concept of conscience does not exist for him. He lives only according to the principle “I want”, “my will”. The concept of conscience for Raskolnikov appears only in the epilogue of the novel. Although the awareness of his involvement with his mother, sister, Sonya torments and burdens him. Perhaps this is the key to his future repentance. A conversation with Dunya, a farewell to her mother, a confession to Sonya are evidence of the presence of a conscience in Raskolnikov, driven inside.

7. Presentation, slide No. 4. Teacher. On the screen you can see the meanings of the words crime and conscience (meanings taken from the IAS). What is going on in Raskolnikov’s soul?

Student actions. One student reads out loud the meaning of the words crime and conscience, then students answer the question orally. Sample answer:

Confusion and judgment of conscience.

8. Teacher. Dostoevsky shows how difficult Raskolnikov's path to repentance is. He cannot repent even to the people closest to him. Remember who sets Raskolnikov on the path of repentance?

Answer: Sonya Marmeladova.

9. Teacher. One of Dostoevsky’s heroes in the novel “The Brothers Karamazov” says: “Here the devil fights with God, and the battlefield is the hearts of people.” Which of the heroes of the novel “Crime and Punishment” experiences this state with particular force?

Student actions: oral responses are given. Sample answer:

There is a good and an evil principle in every person. Rodion Raskolnikov experiences this state with particular force.

10. Presentation, slide No. 5

Teacher. Absolutely true, but still God did not abandon him, otherwise the following episodes would not have happened. Assignment for students:
Divide into two groups.
Read the episodes expressively and complete the task (questions on the screen). Student Actions: Each student has a sheet of paper with the episode and questions in front of them. (See Appendix No. 1, episode No. 1, 2.)

In each group, several students read the episodes aloud expressively. Episode “Reading the Gospel by Raskolnikov and Sonya” (Part IV, Chapter 4), episode “Raskolnikov confesses to Sonya a crime” (Part V, Chapter 4).

Sample answers (episode “Reading the Gospel by Raskolnikov and Sonya”): 1. The main idea of the episode is Raskolnikov’s ability to save his soul. 2. This episode is preceded by Raskolnikov’s departure from his mother and sister. The conversation ends with Raskolnikov practically confessing to the crime. 3. Sonya experiences intense emotions. Excitement is mixed with a feeling of anxiety. And when she reads the episode about the resurrection of Lazarus, the greatest excitement overcomes her, because she is approaching the word about a great miracle. 4. Raskolnikov feels a sense of hostility towards Sonya. At the same time, he tries to understand her. Raskolnikov still does not perceive the excitement that has gripped her and the chosen path of humility. For him she is a holy fool. 5. In this episode, there is an abyss of misunderstanding between Raskolnikov and Sonya. They don't just speak different languages, they are at different levels of proximity to the truth. The scene of reading the Gospel is the key to the future resurrection of a person in Raskolnikov.

Sample answers (episode “Raskolnikov confesses to Sonya a crime”): 1. This is Raskolnikov’s second visit to Sonya. It is during this visit that Raskolnikov confesses to the crime. He is ready to throw off the burden; he is not able to withstand the severity of the crime alone. But admitting to a crime is not yet repentance. 2. On his first visit to Sonya, Raskolnikov was almost ready to confess to what he had done. This episode is a direct continuation of the previous meeting of heroes. 3. At the first moment, Raskolnikov feels a feeling of hatred towards Sonya. But then he realizes that “he mistook one feeling for another.” A feeling of love fills Raskolnikov’s heart, at this moment confession to the crime becomes possible. 4. Sonya suffers from Raskolnikov’s words. After all, his words sound like a refusal to accept God’s providence. 5. At the end of the episode, a feeling of horror covers Raskolnikov and Sonya. For her, the horror is that he killed a man and dared to take on the role of a judge. For him, the horror is in the understanding that he not only killed another, but killed a person within himself. In this episode, the characters experience suffering. Through pain and torment, Raskolnikov confesses to Sonya a crime; through hatred, a feeling of love comes to him.

11. Teacher. Dostoevsky shows that suffering contains the possibility of the future resurrection of a person. For Dostoevsky, Raskolnikov’s path to God is the hero’s attempt to discover Christ within himself. Indeed, for Dostoevsky himself, the image of Christ will become the highest measure of humanity in its purity and truth, in its beauty and perfection.

12. Presentation, slide number 6. Teacher.

Let us turn to a fragment of the film “Crime and Punishment” directed by Lev Kulidzhanov.

13. Appendix No. 1, episode No. 3. Teacher

. After watching the episode from the film, let's turn to the text of the novel. The next episode - Raskolnikov on Sennaya Square - will allow us to understand how Raskolnikov walked towards repentance.

Read the episode expressively and complete the task.

Each student has a sheet with an episode and questions in front of them.

Questions for the episode:

1. What can you call this episode?

2. Does the hero confess to a crime in this episode? Why doesn't it happen?

3. How is this episode related to the previous events of the novel?

4. What brought Raskolnikov to Sennaya Square

5. Find words in the text that convey Raskolnikov’s emotional state at the beginning of the episode? Underline them with one line.

6. Find and read words that characterize the attitude of others towards Raskolnikov.

7. How do passersby react to his behavior?

8. Find words in the text that convey the hero’s internal state after a failed confession. Underline them with two lines.

9. How does Raskolnikov’s internal state change after a failed confession?

10. Why didn’t the scene of national repentance work out?

11. Using the underlined words, answer the question: what experiences does Raskolnikov experience throughout the episode? 2-3 sentences in writing. 5-6 epithets.

12. Remember what it means for Raskolnikov to be human?

13. Did the concept of man change for Raskolnikov after the scene on Sennaya Square? What did it add to his life experience?

14. What does this scene mean for the hero?

Student Action: In each group, several students read the episode aloud expressively . Then they answer the questions in writing.

Beginning of the episode: “He entered the Haymarket...”. End of the episode: “He calmly, however, endured all these screams and, without looking back, walked straight through the alley towards the office.”

Sample answers.

1. Raskolnikov’s repentance, recognition, repentance, admiration.

2. No, it doesn't happen. Raskolnikov is not yet ready to repent.

3. The scene on Sennaya Square is preceded by Raskolnikov’s farewell to his mother and a conversation with his sister Dunya. "Crime? What crime? - he cried in rage. “I don’t think about it and I don’t think about washing it off.”

Then he goes to Sonya. An exchange of crosses takes place. And he goes to confess to Porfiry Petrovich.

4. He went to the investigator’s office. I remembered Sonya’s words: “Go to the crossroads, bow to the people, kiss the ground, because you have sinned against it, too, and tell the whole world out loud: “I am a murderer!”

5. Students emphasize the following words: he trembled, hopeless melancholy crushed him, he rushed, everything in him softened at once, tears flowed, he kissed the ground with pleasure and happiness.

6. Students find words and read them aloud: he’s whipped, he’s going to Jerusalem, he’s kissing the soil, the boy is still young, one of the nobles, but you can’t tell them who’s noble and who’s not.

7. Passers-by show irony and ridicule. There is nationwide ridicule of Raskolnikov. The people laugh at him.

8. Responses and conversations restrained Raskolnikov, the words froze, he calmly endured the screams, without looking around, he went to the office.

9. Raskolnikov closed himself off from people, went underground, and does not feel the need to repent of what he did.

10. Raskolnikov’s admiration comes more from melancholy than from repentance, it is from hopelessness and inhuman fatigue, although admiration contains the possibility of future repentance.

11. Raskolnikov feels a desire to free himself from hopeless melancholy, to throw off the severity of the crime, to cleanse himself. But this doesn't happen. The crowd does not accept his admiration. And the hero himself is not ready to repent. He wants to throw off the burden, but does not understand that this cannot be done without compassion for people. He feels contempt for people, this is an “anthill”, he kneels before him. But the anthill does not accept his repentance. He gets what he deserves - popular ridicule.

12. Man for Raskolnikov is power over all trembling creatures, over all anthills, everything is allowed, blood according to conscience.

answer on the sheet with the episode.

13. It hasn't changed yet. He does not realize that he is inextricably linked with people. He is trying to break this connection. Sonya is his thread.

14. This is Raskolnikov’s timid attempt to find a new person in himself, because he knelt in front of the “anthill”. He wants to save himself, to throw off the burden. This is the hero’s step towards repentance, the search within himself for a person capable of repenting in the future. The ridicule of the crowd is retribution according to deserts. This is the beginning of Raskolnikov's path to God.

14. Presentation, slide No. 7. Teacher. Let us turn once again to the meaning of the word “conscience”. Dostoevsky himself considered conscience in unity with the word God. Dostoevsky said that “conscience without God is horror, it can go astray to the point of immorality.”

In Christian ethics, conscience is seen as a window through which the divine will penetrates. Having committed a crime, Raskolnikov, as it were, closes this window and becomes deaf to the divine will.

15. Presentation, slide No. 8. Teacher. Let us remember what Sonya said to Raskolnikov at their last meeting after his confession to the crime:

“What have you done to yourself!”
“No, you are no more unhappy than anyone in the whole world now!”
“You walked away from God, and God struck you down and handed you over to the devil!”

How do you understand Sonya's words?

Student actions. After discussion, the question is answered. Sample answer:

not only the murder of Raskolnikov is a crime, but his reasoning that a person can be killed is a renunciation of God.

16. Presentation, slide number 9. Teacher. M. Dunaev, one of the researchers of Dostoevsky’s work, said about Raskolnikov: “It’s as if he was frozen into his sin, into his pride, into his crime, into his four-day non-existence - and cannot freeze over.”

But Dostoevsky gives his hero the opportunity to go from crime to repentance.

17. Presentation, slide number 10. Teacher. “Man is a mystery. It needs to be solved, and if you spend your whole life solving it, don’t say you wasted your time; I am engaged in this mystery because I want to be a man.” So wrote Dostoevsky in 1839 in a letter to his brother Mikhail .

Dostoevsky, at the opening of the monument to A.S. Pushkin, said that Pushkin died and left us a secret that we are trying to unravel. I think that Dostoevsky left us the same secret. All of Dostoevsky's work can be called a grandiose experience about man. This is an artistic study of a man of the 19th century, his historical fate, his present and future.

18. Presentation, slide No. 11. Teacher. During the lesson we followed Raskolnikov's path to repentance.

Homework: using fragments of the text, recreate Raskolnikov’s spiritual path to repentance.

Bibliography

Dostoevsky F. M. Collection. cit.: In 15 vols. - L. 1988. - T. 5.
Bakhtin M. M. Problems of Dostoevsky’s poetics. – M.: 1963.
Dunaev M. M. Orthodoxy and Russian literature. – M.: Spiritual Literature, 1997. – Part 3.
Karyakin Yu. Dostoevsky and the eve of the 21st century. – M.: 1989.

Rodion Raskolnikov is the main character of F. M. Dostoevsky’s work “Crime and Punishment,” from the title of which it immediately becomes clear that we need to wait for some kind of crime and subsequent punishment. And if with the first everything is relatively easy: the student commits murder; then you will have to think about the second one, because the punishment here is not at all ordinary.

Raskolnikov is a poor student who has nothing to pay for his studies.

He lives in a small closet, eats when and what he needs. Being the eldest child in the family, he is dearly loved by his mother, but she is unable to provide him with financial support. And only sister Dunya earns at least some money, which she sends to Rodion, because she loves him incredibly. Raskolnikov suffers himself and understands that his sister is suffering for his sake. He frequents various diners and eateries, where he learns that his family is not alone in their suffering. This awareness serves as the basis for his theory, which is still quite controversial.

The main character often thought about general poverty, about his grief. Over time, he comes to the conclusion that all this was intended to show the difference between people.

Rodion believes that there are “ordinary” people who can and should be controlled, because they live simply to procreate, and there are “extraordinary” people. There are very few such special people, but they exist in every era, they build a new world, the last word is always theirs. Raskolnikov even wrote an article that some people are allowed to commit crimes for the sake of a higher goal that will change the whole world for the better. He included himself in this list, considered himself a human being, and not a “louse.” Because of this, he contrasted himself with other people, and wanted to prove it to himself. So, after much deliberation, he decided to kill the old pawnbroker, who was a “trembling creature” for Rodion. He did not see anything reprehensible in his plan, because he considered it a good deed, because Alena Ivanovna profited from the grief and poverty of others, and at the expense of her wealth it was possible to help many poor people. Raskolnikov makes many mistakes before, during and after the crime, which cause him even greater difficulties. So, for example, he also has to kill Lizaveta Ivanovna, the pawnbroker’s sister, who returned home too early. It also leaves behind plenty of evidence and even a few possible witnesses. And he never achieves his “noble” goal; Rodion doesn’t even keep for himself any money or expensive jewelry, which were originally the pretext for the crime. Raskolnikov completely falls in the eyes of the reader after a series of such missteps.

But we must not forget about the positive traits of the main character. He stooped so low only because of his poor economic situation, but at heart he still remained a fairly kind and sympathetic person. Rodion was always ready to help those in need: the Marmeladov family, beggars on the street. He still remained human, although he was badly affected by his despair, illness and experiences. After the crime, Raskolnikov will have a long and persistent struggle with himself, which will be the main punishment. Many are opposed to him, but most of his loved ones support Rodion and do not believe in his guilt. He has been in a painful state for a long time and cannot take anyone’s side. But ultimately, the love of friends and relatives awakens a feeling of guilt in Raskolnikov’s soul, although he denies it to the last. Only after a year and a half of hard labor does he repent of his crime, Rodion atones for his sin with long suffering and torment, he cleanses his soul from the terrible burden of murder and becomes a truly happy person, launching Sonya’s love into his heart. This girl directed Raskolnikov on the right path, supported him with her love and care, and all this found a response in Rodion’s heart, which retained its purity. Now he understands that the “extraordinary” are not those who stand above others, but those who are ready to sacrifice everything for the sake of others.

We observe crime and punishment, Raskolnikov’s path from the idea of murder and its execution to suffering and repentance. We hate, pity and love the main character, but all this leads to one thing - we are imbued with him and the work itself. F. M. Dostoevsky shows that people should not be judged, but loved.

Effective preparation for the Unified State Exam (all subjects) -