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Photo report on the excursion to the local history museum

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In our city there is an amazing place where you can learn about its history, about celebrities, and immerse yourself in the time when our ancestors lived. Find out about their lives and achievements. This place is called a local history museum.

One day my friends and I wanted to know better the history of our region. Upon entering the museum, we saw completely different corners of the past. And thanks to the guide and his stories, we walked through the rooms of that mysterious life with interesting events. We walked through every corner of history with bated breath. I really liked the hall with exhibits of primitive people, where you can also see their first tools, stone axes, thanks to which they got their food, jewelry made from the teeth of their prey. We also passed through halls containing documents and things from the Middle Ages. Works of art created by our craftsmen. In a separate room one could see stuffed birds, animals and insects, especially most of those that were already extinct, and more specifically: mammoths, cave bears, red deer, rhinoceroses. And of course, an impressive story about the Great Patriotic War. There are: guns, machine guns and all sorts of weapons, military and medical uniforms. Photos of those who went to the front but never returned. Photos of heroes, their medals and awards. And also photographs of mothers and wives who saw off their soldiers and were never able to hug their loved ones again. There were touching letters from the front, maps of battles, and dishes from soldiers. In the next room we saw national Slavic clothing, shoes, and women's jewelry.

This excursion left the most pleasant memories in our memory. It is thanks to this trip to the local history museum that history becomes truly more interesting, school material is better absorbed, and as you walk through each hall, you are mentally transported to the past, where your imagination runs wild.

Going to a museum is really interesting, and most importantly it’s educational; everything becomes somehow clearer and closer there. After all, it is in this place that you can completely immerse yourself in the past, learn about the life of our ancestors, their traditions, their exploits, learn about what our fellow countrymen did and how they lived. To change something today and prevent mistakes in the future, you must look into the past.

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In general, I really enjoyed the excursion to the local history museum, because it was there that I learned so much new about my homeland.

I visited an art gallery - essay

My first trip to the museum happened when I was in 3rd grade. I walked past this building to school every day, so it didn't particularly appeal to me.

It was an ordinary day, I came to school. Classes have started. After the second lesson, the teacher announced a trip to the museum and told us to get ready. Since I didn’t want to go there, I slowly collected my briefcase in the hope of stalling for time, but the attempt was unsuccessful.

After 10 minutes, my class and I stood in front of the museum and, with our mouths open, examined its façade. The teacher told the rules of behavior, but no one listened to her. I, in turn, looked at the crows, who were busily walking along the paving stones. At that moment, crows were much more interesting to me than some museum.

Finally, the teacher finished speaking, and the whole line of us entered the museum premises. It seemed much larger inside than outside. I was especially struck by the high ceilings then. The area of ​​the hall we entered was simply huge.

There was almost nothing in this room, so it seemed very spacious. This room housed a cash register, two beautiful forged benches and a stand with exhibition schedules.

Today we had to visit an art gallery. We were accompanied by a guide, but since I didn’t like all these incomprehensible and boring lectures, I decided to walk among the paintings alone.

The art gallery consisted of two halls; the first hall contained portraits. It was the most mysterious and bewitching room. Brown laminate flooring, cream walls with paintings hanging under glass, columns in each corner. I spent a lot of time in this room.

The second room was dedicated to seascapes, and mainly contained paintings by Aivazovsky. The hall was furnished in the same way as the first, but in the corner there was a blue cloth depicting the sea. This hall was smaller and I saw half of the paintings that were there, so I stayed there for a while and returned to my class until they started looking for me.

After the whole excursion, I realized that I really liked the museum, and since then I have not missed a single exhibition there.

Essay on the topic First time in a museum

Recently my class and I visited a museum. This was my first trip to the museum. Some of my friends and classmates went to the museum many times and they already shared their impressions about how there are so many interesting things there. And I wanted to go to the museum more than ever.

Approaching the museum, I pay attention to the facade. It looks very nicely decorated with decorations. In the first place there are columns, and a wide door decorated with ornate carvings can be seen.

I enter and immediately see hanging beautiful paintings in gilded bindings that were painted several years ago. We enter the first hall, and here our interesting adventure begins.

Everything in the museum was so beautiful, I was simply delighted. The walls are decorated in an architectural style, the chandelier is made in the old style. The museum had its own atmosphere. The first time I saw all this with my own eyes. I literally looked at everything. Everything there was interesting to me.

Then the guide came up to us and she began to show us everything. She described and explained the history of a particular item, where and how it was used and when it arose.

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We all listened carefully and were very interested. I learned a lot of new things about myself. But after that we were given the opportunity to walk around in person and take a good look at everything. The boys and I looked around in admiration.

The museum has many interesting and rare things. I especially liked the antique items. I wanted to keep it all in my memory. Most memorable were the statues of ancient people. After some time, our excursion began to end, and we began to get ready to leave.

After that, we took a couple of photos with the class in front of the museum. Then we headed to the park, where we happily ate ice cream.

I was very happy that I visited the museum. I walked around all day with a smile on my face. I will remember many times more the time when I visited this wonderful place. Now I will often visit such places. Next time we will go with our parents to the art museum; there will be an interesting exhibition of paintings there.

It seems to me that we need to visit such places more often, discover something new and develop. For me, going to the museum was very educational.

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My impression of visiting the museum

Today I will share with you my emotions and sensations that gripped me when I found myself in the museum for the first time in my life.

Why did I decide to go to the museum? It's actually simple. We were walking with my mother on the weekend and started to feel a little cold. On the way, my mother heard some woman inviting everyone to visit the local history museum. We asked her how much the ticket cost, and since the price was reasonable, my mother suggested that I go there. Well, without thinking twice, I agreed.

We paid the entrance fee and entered the museum. Besides us, there were only three people there. The museum was very spacious. It turns out that a female tour guide works there. To my surprise, she talked and explained everything in a language that I could understand. It was very interesting to me.

The museum had glass cabinets in which a lot of interesting things were stored. For example, the remains of old jugs, cutlery and other utensils that were unearthed during archaeological excavations.

I especially liked looking at the remains of ancient coins. They are so flat, the pattern on them is almost invisible. But if you imagine that people once paid them, then goosebumps begin to run down your body.

It was a little sad to look at the broken helmets and tattered soldiers’ uniforms. These were the clothes of some dead soldier. Next to the helmet lay a dented iron mug. What I saw at that moment made me sad and tears welled up in my eyes. But I restrained myself.

A large place in the museum was occupied by giant figures of lions and the remains of some columns. It was very interesting to look at the patterns on these columns. The guide said something about them. But I no longer listened as carefully as at the beginning of my journey through the museum. It was just interesting for me to look at and fantasize.

In general, I am very glad that I visited the museum. I learned the history of my city and many other interesting things. The most important thing is that I have a desire to go to other museums too!

Report on the topic “Report on a visit to the State Historical Museum”

The Historical Museum was established in February 1872 by order of Emperor Alexander Y. The initiative came from Russian historians and public figures who were convinced that interest in the past should be based on authentic documents - written and material monuments collected in a special repository. This is a museum “where a historian would come for information, a novelist, a theater director, an artist - for the colors he needs, where children could be brought in order to forever imprint in their memory a historical event and historical setting” where an uneducated person could come and endure the desire to find out what once was and what is now, in order to find out that intelligent life in our country did not begin yesterday,” this is what is written in the petition of the initiative group addressed to Tsarevich Alexander Alexandrovich.

Today the light vestibule is decorated with bas-reliefs - portraits of those. who stood at the origins of the museum and built it. Archaeologist Count A.S. Uvarov (1825-1884) - one of the founders of the museum and the first director. It was he who contributed to establishing the status of the Historical Museum as a scientific institution. The famous historian I.E. Zabelin (1820-1908) headed the museum for almost 30 years. Under his leadership, a museum collection of priceless material monuments of the past was formed, no less significant for the study of national history than written sources.

Academician of Architecture V.O. Sherwood designed the museum building, using decorative elements from famous architectural monuments of medieval Russia to decorate its facades and interiors. Engineer AA, Semenov is the main builder of the museum. Thanks to the technical innovations he applied, the building has stood unshakable for more than 120 years.

On the walls of the lobby are immortalized the names of donors and patrons who laid the foundations of the huge collection of the Historical Museum. Currently, it contains 4.5 million material monuments of national history and more than 14 million sheets of archival documents. Museum collections make it possible to study the history of the country from ancient times to the present day, the past, life and culture of all the peoples that inhabited and inhabit it, and to explore any issues related to Russian history.

The Historical Museum is not an ancient repository accessible only to a narrow circle of specialists. Thanks to the exhibition, which displays tens of thousands of the most significant and valuable monuments, any interested person has the opportunity to get acquainted with both the unique collection of the museum and the national history that this collection documents.

The museum's exposition begins with the Front Entrance. The hallway in a Russian house has long been the name given to the room preceding the living quarters. And since this building was built specifically for the National Museum of Russia, everything here had to be reminiscent of the past - both the name of the halls and their decoration.

The front entrance is a high, elegant room (its flaxes and pillars are decorated with grass ornaments. In a similar way, by the 16th-17th centuries, Russian churches, royal and boyar chambers were often painted. On, made by an artel of craftsmen under the direction of the artist F.G. Toropov in May 1883 just before the opening of the museum.

At the base of the tree are depicted the first Christian rulers of Rus' - Princess Olga and Prince Vladimir the Holy. On the trunk and branches, in numerous stamps, there are Russian princes, tsars and emperors, starting from Yaroslav the Wise, who ruled Rus' in the 11th century, and to Alexander III, under whom the museum opened. This painting was designed to help museum visitors plunge into the past and tune in to the perception of monuments of Russian history.

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The front entrance is surrounded on three sides by a suite of halls. The exhibition is arranged in such a way that each room is dedicated to a specific era or historical theme. Moving from room to room, the visitor seems to move in time - this creates a feeling of continuity of history. This impression is further strengthened by the fact that the architectural and picturesque decoration of each room basically corresponds to the time that is represented in it.

The first hall presents the Paleolithic (Old Stone Age) - the earliest and longest period in human history. It is called so because stone served as the material for making the main tools of labor.

The hall is dedicated to the very beginning of the history of human society and the first stages of settlement of the territory of our country by primitive people.

In the niche to the right of the entrance there are sculptural images - reconstructions of portraits of ancient people, made from authentic skulls discovered in cave sites in Africa, Asia and Europe, based on the method of reconstructing a face from a skull, developed by the anthropologist and archaeologist MM. Gerasimov. In the upper row on the left is a sculptural portrait of Australopithecus, who lived in Africa 6-2 million years ago; The world's oldest stone tools were discovered next to his bones. To his right is Pithecanthropus, who lived 1.8-0.2 million years ago. People of this physical type, having left Africa, settled in Asia and southern Europe, and about 200 thousand years ago - in the Caucasus and the Kuban region.

The second hall is dedicated to the life of primitive people during the Great Glaciation. Harsh natural conditions could not prevent human settlement. During this period, it colonizes almost all of Eurasia - except for the territory occupied by the glacier. Materials from sites and unique burials of this time show how people adapted to living conditions in the periglacial steppe, mastered a variety of types of stone raw materials, created new types of tools, learned to work with bone, horn and tusk, built dwellings, and sewed clothes.

The hall's topmast is decorated with a picturesque frieze “Stone Age” created by V.M. Vasnetsov in 1885. The spirit of the era is conveyed in the picturesque images. Everything that is depicted on the canvas reflects the level of knowledge of scientists of the 19th century. about this period. This is exactly how they imagined the homes of ancient people and their daily activities. Particularly impressive is the scene of a collective hunt for a mammoth, which allows you to understand how difficult and dangerous the life of primitive people was, how much effort they required to survive in the harsh conditions of the periglacial steppe. In the space between the windows are genuine mammoth tusks. At the end of the 19th century. Irkutsk merchant I. Gromov found them on the banks of the Yenisei in a layer of permafrost and presented them as a gift to the Historical Museum.

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Next is the new Stone Age, or Neolithic, characterized by the retreat of the glacier, the appearance of dense forests, deep rivers and lakes. Large animals are being replaced by smaller ones, which prompted people to invent bows and arrows for individual hunting. Man acquired new occupations - fishing, pottery, weaving. New methods of stone processing emerged - polishing, grinding, sawing, drilling. All these changes gave the era its name. In the center of the hall is exhibited one of the outstanding Neolithic monuments - a huge, 7.5 m long boat, discovered on the banks of the Don, near Voronezh, by local residents in 1954. The boat was hollowed out of an entire oak trunk with stone axes (their traces are clearly visible on the bottom ). From the inside of the sides you can see paired holes - places for attaching seats for rowers. The loops on the sides of the bow and stern were intended to move the boat through shallow water from one body of water to another or to pull it ashore.

In the 1st millennium BC. A new era begins in the history of human society - iron entered the life and everyday life of people. Unlike copper, the extraction of which was concentrated in a few mining areas, iron in the composition of swamp ore occurs almost everywhere. Therefore, the beginning of iron mining and processing contributed to the rapid development of society and the emergence of distinctive cultures that played an outstanding role in history. The first written sources (mostly Greek) date back to this time, from which one can learn about the tribes and peoples who lived on the territory of our country. In the works of ancient Greek historians, many of them are mentioned for the first time under their own name.

Like the Bronze Age, the Iron Age is distinguished by a noticeable uneven development of the population in different natural and climatic zones. Residents of the forest zone maintained their traditional sedentary lifestyle; their main occupations remained hunting and fishing, cattle breeding and the beginnings of agriculture. The bearers of steppe cultures finally switched to a nomadic lifestyle and were very mobile.

Items from the Ananino burial ground are placed in the center of display case 1.

These weapons are mainly celtic axes, spearheads and short akinac swords, widespread in the Iron Age, as well as women's jewelry. Most of the weapons are made of bronze. At this time, the Ananino culture witnessed an unprecedented flowering of bronze metallurgy, but bimetallic objects made of bronze and iron were already appearing. This is the bronze handle of a dagger with preserved pieces of an iron blade.

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The architecture of the sixth hall reproduces the stepped vault of the crypt from the royal Kul-Oba mound, excavated in Crimea in the 19th century. Above the entrance is a drawing of a relief frieze from a vase from another mound - Chertomylk; The clothes, headdresses and hairstyle of the Scythian warriors are clearly visible. The images of mounted warriors and yurts on the walls of the hall were copied from the Kerch crypts of the first centuries AD, in which the Sarmatian nobility were buried.

In the 3rd century. BC. In the steppes of the Northern Black Sea region, a powerful alliance of nomadic tribes - the Sarmatians - enters the historical arena, to whom the largest section of the hall is dedicated (windows 1-3). In showcase 1 —

objects from numerous burials in the steppes of the Volga-Ural region of the 4th century. BC. - IV century AD The gold plate in the center depicts yon.

The Sarmatians, unlike the Scythians, were armed with long swords, and the burials of the richest and most successful warriors were accompanied by weapons, parts of horse equipment and luxury items, including numerous beads made of glass and chalcedony, which was especially revered in ancient times.

In the center of the hall is the Taman sarcophagus, one of the most famous monuments of ancient culture of the 4th century. BC. It comes from the territory of the Bosporus Kingdom, an ancient Greek state that occupied the Taman and Kerch peninsulas.

The walls of the next hall are decorated with copies of slate slabs from the most ancient Kyiv churches of the 11th-12th centuries. The hall is dedicated to the final stage of the Iron Age and the transition to the era of the early Middle Ages, which received the name of the Great Migration. The reasons for the migration of entire peoples are still unclear; overpopulation and the difficult political situation in the historical homeland of these tribes obviously played a big role. Usually the resettlement took the form of an armed invasion and displacement of the local population from the conquered territories. These processes covered the entire northern part of the Eurasian continent - from the shores of the Pacific Ocean in the east to the coast of the Atlantic Ocean in the west. It seemed that the whole world was in motion. Some peoples disappeared, others mixed with each other, giving rise to new ethnic groups that became the ancestors of modern peoples.

The chronicle tradition clearly records the dates; the birth of the Old Russian state - 862. That is why a monument to the 1000th anniversary of Russia was erected in Novgorod the Great in 1862. The initial period of Russian history - the Old Russian state - covers the time from the 9th to the 12th centuries. The hall presents monuments from the time of the formation of the Old Russian state in the 9th - first half of the 12th centuries.

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The decoration of the hall used elements characteristic of ancient Russian architecture - vaulted ceilings, three-part windows, arched doorways. In the decoration of the platbands and the mosaic of the marble floors, the ornaments of the picturesque headpieces from the oldest Russian books are reproduced - Ostromir's Gospel of 1056 and Svyatoslav's Izbornik of 1073. On the wall opposite the entrance is a copy of the painting of the western tower of the St. Sophia Cathedral in Kyiv, depicting ancient Russian musicians. The hall is decorated with two huge paintings, painted especially for the Historical Museum in 1883 by academician of painting GI. Semi-radsky. Each of them represents in picturesque images the ancient rituals of pagan Rus' and tells about the events of the reign of the first Russian princes. What is depicted on the canvas is not a figment of the artist’s imagination, but is based on Arab and Byzantine written sources of the 10th century.

The plot of the painting “Funeral of a Rus” is taken from travel notes compiled in 922 by the head of the Baghdad embassy to Volga Bulgaria, Ahmed ibn Fadlan. These notes contain a detailed description of the burial ceremony of a wealthy Scandinavian, which he was able to see.

The appearance of large trade, craft and cultural centers - cities - in a given territory always preceded the formation of a state; they become the focus of state power, its economic and ideological support. Icelandic sagas called Rus' “Gardarika” - “Country of Cities.” Urban life was an indicator of the level of development of the country.

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The hall is dedicated to ancient Russian cities of the 11th and first half of the 13th century. - the time of their heyday. In the decoration of the hall, originally called Novgorod, copies of frescoes from the Church of the Savior on Nereditsa, built in this city in 1199, were used. The value of these copies especially increased after the destruction of the temple itself in 1942 during the occupation of the city by fascist troops. Above the entrance to the hall there is a plan of Novgorod, copied from an icon of the 17th century, above the exit - “The Battle of Suzdal with the Novgorodians”, written from the icon “The Sign” of the 17th century.

The exposition of the hall represents the wide geography of the ancient Russian city, as well as different types of cities.

Showcases 1-2 are dedicated to the capital city of Kyiv. The map between the display cases illustrates the rapid growth in the number of cities in Ancient Rus'. Colored icons show the different status of cities - the capital of the state, the capitals of the principalities, princely castles, border fortresses. The screen below the map shows three-dimensional reconstructions of famous architectural monuments of ancient Kyiv.

Of particular interest are the treasure trove of jewelry from Kyiv goldsmiths and their tools, as well as a fragment of a bronze chandelier found near the fence of St. Sophia Cathedral.

XIII-XV centuries. - one of the heroic periods of Russian history. For two and a half centuries, the Russian people resisted not only the foreign yoke, but also Swedish and German expansion. This struggle forced the consolidation of the forces of North-Eastern and North-Western Rus', as a result of which on the world map in the 15th century. The Russian state appeared.

The exhibition in Hall 12 begins with an artistically executed map placed on the wall to the left of the entrance - “Mongol conquests in the 13th century.” In 1206, Khan Temujin, better known as Genghis Khan, united the Mongol tribes of Central Asia into a single state centered in Karakorum. In less than half a century, the Mongol conquest, whose goal was world domination, reached the Pacific Ocean in the east and the Mediterranean Sea in the west. The Mongols conquered Central Asia and the Caucasus. In 1236, the grandson of Genghis Khan, Khan Batu, began the conquest of Europe - in fulfillment of his grandfather’s will to reach “the last sea,” that is, the Atlantic Ocean. By 1237, the Volga region, the North Caucasus, the Crimea, and the Polovtsian steppe were under the rule of the Mongols. On the path of the victorious army lay Rus'.

The materials in display cases 1-4 come from territories that were subject to the Mongol invasion, most of which came under the rule of the Golden Horde. The exhibition presents items from Polovtsian burial grounds (display case 1), tribal settlements of Western Siberia (display case 2). The antiquities of the medieval Caucasian peoples of the Circassians, Kabardians, Circassians, and Ossetians are also presented here (window 3).

The State Historical Museum has a hall that represents the key sectors of the economy for the development of the country - industry and trade.

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The first section is devoted to Russian industry, which existed in the form of handicraft and manufacturing production. Showcase 1 displays products from craft workshops. Traditional crafts, based on centuries-old technologies, continue to develop, but here too, under the influence of growing needs, many new things appear. Thus, Russian potters begin to make glazed tiles and tiles, and master the technology of producing “simmered” ceramics - when a clay object imitates a metal one.

Showcase 2 presents the products of the first Russian manufactories - the Tula ironworks. Armory Chamber, Izmailovo Glass Factory. All (manufactures served state needs. Numerous luxury items were specially manufactured, but ordered by the royal court and used in court life. Among them was a joke cup, from which one could not drink wine without spilling it on oneself - such a cup could be offered to a late guest .

Since the creation of the museum, the eighteenth hall has been dedicated to the reign of Ivan the Terrible, which is why it has such a solemn and majestic appearance. The vault is decorated on a golden background with a herbal ornament, modeled after the paintings in the galleries of the Intercession Cathedral (St. Basil's Cathedral), erected in 1561 by order of Ivan the Terrible in honor of the victory over the Kazan Khanate. The paintings and architecture of the portals of the Intercession Cathedral formed the basis for the design of halls 17 and 19.

The central part of the hall is occupied by a copy of the so-called “Royal Seat” of Ivan the Terrible, made in 1551 for the Assumption Cathedral in the Moscow Kremlin, where it remains to this day. The copy was made specifically for the Historical Museum at the end of the 19th century. and is interesting in that it represents a reconstruction of a unique monument in its original form with the restoration of decorative details, gilding and polychrome painting lost by the original.

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The “Royal Place” played the role of a symbol of the autocratic power of the Russian sovereigns. In documents of the XVI-XVII centuries. it is even called the “throne”, i.e. throne. On its door wings there is the text of a legend that tells how in the 12th century, the great Kiev prince Vladimir Monomakh received state regalia as a gift from the Byzantine emperor Constantine Monomakh, among which was the famous Monomakh hat. Three walls of the “Royal Place” are decorated with 12 reliefs illustrating this story. The legend was intended to show the continuity of the political power of the Moscow sovereigns from the Byzantine emperors.

The “Royal Place” is crowned by a double-headed eagle. |This symbol of grand-ducal power, adopted in the 15th century. Ivan III, was placed on princely things, coins, and state seals. Over time, the double-headed eagle began to be perceived as the coat of arms of the Russian state.

The largest section of the exhibition is dedicated to the formation and establishment of the Russian autocracy (windows 1-6). The beginning of the section presents the history of three royal dynasties - Rurikovich, Godunov and Romanov. Showcase 2 displays items from the treasury of the first Russian tsars. The owner's inscription on the silver glass indicates that it belongs to the Tsar and Grand Duke Ivan Vasilyevich and his son, Tsarevich Fyodor Ioannovich. Here you can see a glass that belonged to the stable boyar Boris Godunov: Upon his accession to the throne, Tsar Boris did not leave it in his treasury, but gave it to one of his courtiers - Klaus Sevastyanov. The portrait of Tsar Fyodor Ioannovich comes from the already mentioned collection of funerary portraits of Russian tsars from the Archangel Cathedral of the Moscow Kremlin. The same collection includes a double portrait of the first tsars from the Romanov dynasty - Mikhail Fedorovich and Alexei Mikhailovich.

The strengthening of Russian statehood went hand in hand with the strengthening of the main ideological institution in the state—the Orthodox Church—even to the point of an attempt to place spiritual power above secular power.

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The theme of the hall's exhibition is preceded by showcase 1,

in which the church vestments of that time are presented, and showcase 4 introduces materials related to the establishment of autocephaly - the independence of the Russian Orthodox Church. In the center of the display case is an icon of the Moscow Metropolitan Jonah. Under him, in 1452, the Russian Metropolis gained virtual independence from the Patriarchate of Constantinople. On the right is “The rite of election of Patriarch Job.” In 1589, the largest Russian Patriarchate in the Orthodox world was established, which claimed ecumenical status.

In showcase 2, various documents tell about the life of monasteries, their emergence as major cultural and ideological centers, and their enormous influence on the life of the state.

The portrait of an outstanding church figure of the 17th century deserves special attention. Patriarch Nikon. The portrait immortalizes the moment of worship, when the patriarch blesses those praying (the so-called “small exit”). The name of Patriarch Nikon is inextricably linked with the reform of the mid-17th century. aimed at strengthening church organization, unifying worship and liturgical books. This reform gave rise to opposition, which resulted in the Old Believers movement. It was Nikon who tried to establish the priority of spiritual power over secular power. The Patriarch was defeated, defrocked and exiled to the Ferapontov Monastery.

The portrait of Nikon was created in the 80s. XVII century team of masters of the Armory Chamber under the leadership of the icon painter Ivan Bezmin. The unique technique of this work combined painting and appliqué, made with expensive silk and gold fabrics. The portrait, one of the early monuments of Russian secular painting, at the end of the 17th century. decorated the chambers of Prince V.V. Golitsyn was later in the Moscow VysokoPetrovsky Monastery - until it was transferred to the Historical Museum in 1918.

In the design of the twenty-first hall, authentic monuments of the era were used - for example, in the doorway of the end wall you can see forged iron gates from the village of Purekh near Nizhny Novgorod, the estate of DM. Pozharsky. The Purekh volost was donated to the prince in gratitude for the liberation of Moscow from the Poles in 1612.

On the walls of the hall are three paintings and two portraits donated to the Historical Museum by Emperor Alexander III. Executed by an unknown Polish artist at the beginning of the 17th century, the paintings depict scenes of the betrothal of Marina Mniszek in Krakow, her ceremonial entry into Moscow and the wedding in the Assumption Cathedral of the Kremlin in May 1606. Of particular interest are the ceremonial portraits of Marina Mniszek and False Dmitry I, located on both sides from the entrance to the hall. Marina and False Dmitry are depicted in appropriate attire and in solemn poses. As expected, the portraits are accompanied by explanatory inscriptions in which both are called “Emperors of Moscow”, and it is emphasized that Dmitry is the son-in-law of the Sandomierz governor Yuri Mnishko, which reflects the dependent position of the Pretender. In fact, the enthronement of False Dmitry was organized with money from the Polish nobility and the king himself. The presented collection of paintings is truly unique, as there are no other modern portraits of participants in the events of the early 17th century. simply doesn't exist.

It was my first time at the State Historical Museum and I really liked it. Seeing things from people I've heard a lot about. Feel the spirit of great civilizations. See the weapons of primitive man.

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First visit to the history museum - essay

Today our class went to the history museum. The museum building is large, ancient and beautiful. There was a Christmas tree in the museum lobby because it was winter holidays and the New Year had just arrived.

We went up the stairs into a hall telling about the life of ancient people. Along the walls there were paintings depicting scenes of ancient man hunting mammoths, bears, and buffalos.

And the stands displayed spears, arrows, and tools used by people in the Stone Age. All this is very interesting, because people had to fight for their existence, hide from the cold and predators in caves, and learn to use fire.

The further we moved through the halls, the more developed human society became. This is already the 16th century. During this period, people know the structure of the Universe and the Solar system. Architects learned to build stone buildings, beautiful temples appeared in Rus', painted by Theophanes the Greek and Andrei Rublev, and chronicles began to be written in monasteries.

You learn a lot of new dates and facts, but the halls never end, there are as many left as there were. No, you can’t understand and remember everything at once.

We will come here again and learn more and more new facts of history. This is the very beginning, we are not saying goodbye to you, history museum. We say: “Goodbye, see you soon!”

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