On August 27, 1972, the film “...The Dawns Here Are Quiet” was presented at the Venice International Film Festival. The
relevance of the film “...The Dawns Here Are Quiet” is evidenced by both the data of modern opinion polls and the fact that in 2015 a new version of the film was released with Starring Pyotr Fedorov and Kristina Asmus. It is pointless to compare the two films, because it is impossible to overshadow the film masterpiece of Stanislav Rostotsky, whose international premiere took place on August 27, 1972.
But we can remember the actors who played fearless servicemen 49 years ago, and their fates, full of personal dramas and disappointments. What happened behind the scenes with the on-screen anti-aircraft gunners and their commander?
Andrey Martynov as foreman Fedot Vaskov
According to the plot, only foreman Vaskov managed to escape, although he tried to save the girls.
Martynov became an actor because of his father, who was disabled in the first group and studied in a drama club at a society for the blind. From his second year at GITIS, the artist left to serve in the air defense forces, so he returned to training only three years later. After receiving his diploma, Andrei Leonidovich joined the troupe of the Moscow Youth Theater and began acting in films.
The role of Sergeant Major Vaskov was the first in Martynov’s film career. The debut was certainly successful, because the artist immediately gained nationwide fame. The audience greeted the actor’s next character, Kiryan Inyutin from “Eternal Call,” with no less enthusiasm. Then there were “Syndicate-2”, “Facts of the Past Day”, for which Andrei Leonidovich received the State Prize, the image of Malyuta Skuratov in “Tsar Ivan the Terrible”.
In the 90s, a crisis occurred in domestic cinema, and Martynov switched to dubbing films. He last appeared on screen in 2010 in the image of the servant Nikanor from the film “Sonka. Continuation of the legend."
“Alexander used to come to us often, we played football. Franziska spoke only German to him, and dad spoke Russian, so Sasha knew two languages well,” noted the actor’s brother Rudolf Leonidovich
1972 became a fateful year for the artist, not only because of the filming of “...And the Dawns Here Are Quiet”: at the Berlin Festival he met the German Franziska Thun. The lovers got married, and soon their son Alexander was born. However, after living in Moscow for a short time, Francisca wanted to return home and took the boy with her. For some time, Martynov managed to maintain contact with loved ones, but years and kilometers took their toll. In 2017, the couple divorced, and Andrei Leonidovich never built a new relationship due to his undiminished feelings for Tun. The 75-year-old actor also has to endure separation from his heir.
“My son was born in Germany and has been a citizen of Germany all his life,” the artist shared in the program “Andrey Malakhov. Live" channel "Russia 1". “When he was six years old, my wife and I decided that he should get an education in Germany. Franziska told me that he suffered a lot there, because the German boys teased him as “Russian” because of his last name. And he said: “No, I’m not Russian, my mother is German!”
Life before the war
Sonya was born and raised in Minsk, then entered Moscow University. Her father was a local doctor. Sonya is from a large, friendly Jewish family. They lived poorly, in a small house. My father walked to calls to the sick, since a cab was expensive. Sonya was the youngest in the family, so she often wore the altered dresses of her older sisters.
Sonya is an intelligent, smart and well-read girl, she was fond of poetry, theater, and tried, if possible, to get a ticket to the gallery at the Moscow Art Theater. She is well educated: she studied well at school and university. By nature, Gurvich is a modest girl. While her peers were having fun at dances and talking with guys, she could spend hours on end in the library reading room.
The university gave Sonya a meeting with her first love. A fellow student with whom she sat next to during lectures fell in love with her. After a year of studying, the girl realized why her neighbor at lectures also disappeared in the reading room. They had only one and unforgettable evening in the Park of Culture and Recreation. But the war began, five days later the young man gave Sonya a thin book with Blok’s poems and volunteered for the front.
Irina Shevchuk - Rita Osyanina
In the film, Rita’s child was adopted by Vaskov.
For the actress of the Kiev Dovzhenko Film Studio, the role of junior sergeant Osyanina was a breakthrough. Later she got key characters in “The Right to Love”, “I Will Wait ...” and “State Border”. Shevchuk did not give up her career even in the 2000s, so she continues to act in films to this day.
While studying at VGIK, Irina Borisovna met Talgat Nigmatulin. The stormy romance ended two years later: the actress found out that her lover was cheating on her with her ex-girlfriend, and cut off all contacts.
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At 29, Shevchuk married composer Alexander Afanasyev and had already given birth to his daughter Sasha, when the previous chosen one reminded him of himself. The chance meeting turned into an evening of nostalgia, full of stories about old feelings. It was all the more difficult for Irina Borisovna to hear the news about the murder of 35-year-old Talgat by sectarians.
Alexandra Afanasyeva-Shevchuk became an actress, like her mother
“He came to the Baltics with some of his gurus. They demanded money from him and beat him to death. He could have resisted, but apparently he was so brainwashed that he didn’t do it. This is scary. For me this is a closed story. I later met his wife Venus, and even she had no idea what terrible people he communicated with,” the artist said in the “Fate of a Man” program on the Russia 1 channel.
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A new shock awaited the actress in 2013: her only daughter Sasha had an accident and spent several days in a coma, desperately fighting for life. Rehabilitation took months, after which Alexandra returned to her normal life. In 2016, she married producer Dmitry Guzeev.
Gratitude from the author and poems from Rostotsky
Irina Dolganova became famous overnight. But this fame did not come easily to her. The girl was invited to play Sonya in Stanislav Rostotsky's film in 1971. But it didn’t even occur to her that the authors of the film, who went through the war, would decide to place the young actresses in the conditions in which the events described by Boris Vasiliev (the author of the story) took place.
I must say that Vasiliev himself really liked the selected actresses. He believed that they managed to accurately convey all the subtleties of character and the mood set out in the play. If he thought that an episode needed to be corrected, he did it correctly and laconicly.
Filmed in Karelia. There is amazing nature there - picturesque rocks, clean lakes. But there are also impassable swamps, many mosquitoes and vipers. The path to cinema was difficult, but the result was worth it. The audience believed every word of the actresses and understood that even a turn of the head or a wave of the hand was very important.
To this day, Irina Valerievna is deeply impressed by this filming. She is glad to meet Stanislav Rostotsky and believes that it is a great happiness for an aspiring actress to work with such a talented director. When he had a free minute, he read poetry to the young actresses, and in such a way that they listened with bated breath.
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The Digidog robot dog is being tested in conditions as close as possible to combat conditions
Elena Drapeko - Liza Brichkina
Lisa Brichkina went through the swamp for reinforcements and did not return
. The debutante paid a considerable price for fame: the director almost deceived the actresses into appearing naked in a bathhouse, and the scene, piquant by the standards of the 70s, was shown in cinemas several times per show. Rostotsky was right about one thing: years later, the stars of the film rewatched the episode with pleasure, remembering how beautiful they were.
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The actress appeared in the cult films “Eternal Call”, “Wormwood is a Bitter Grass”, “Singles Are Provided with Hostel”, and in the 90s she became involved in politics and social activities. It seemed that failures haunted her only in her personal life: all three marriages ended in divorce.
The first time, friends literally persuaded the actress to marry her long-time boyfriend, so after three days she filed for divorce, and waited six months for the documents. In 1978, the artist was married to her colleague Oleg Belov. Drapeko called him the main love in her life, but the marriage collapsed due to competition between the spouses when their daughter Nastya was four.
Drapeko's daughter Anastasia built a career in PR
“I left everything to my second husband. I left with my passport and daughter, but I don’t regret it. Then she started working on her own. I built a new life,” Fr.
Drapeko did not mention the name of her third political spouse. “There are people who work as bosses all their lives, he’s just one of those,” the actress commented. — In 1993, I spoke negatively about Boris Yeltsin, after which I lost my post as chairman of the Committee on Culture and Tourism of the St. Petersburg City Hall. I waited three months to be arrested. She also divorced her husband then, so as not to spoil his career. But we still communicate well. I’m friends with his daughter, I know his new wife.”
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Since then, the artist has sworn off getting married, focusing on her career and daughter. Now Elena Drapeko is 72, but she still cannot sit idle: she is involved in politics, participates in television programs and gives comments on the cultural life of the country.
Death of the heroine
Of the squad, Sonya was the second to die. Her death turned out to be absurdly accidental. Rita Osyanina forgot to bring Vaskov a pouch with shag, which he left on one of the boulders. This pouch was a gift; it was embroidered with “Dear Defender of the Motherland.” The foreman did not have time to hide his frustration, and Gurvich rushed through the thicket for a pouch to the bank of the river with the words: “I’ll bring it!” I know where he lies! Vaskov wanted to stop her, but she probably didn’t hear. The distant scream was heard only by the sergeant major. He understood the meaning of this cry, and his assumption turned out to be correct. Zhenya Komelkova and Vaskov found the girl dead. The Nazis stabbed her in the chest. Before his death, Gurvich manages to scream to warn his squad that the Germans are nearby. After that, the saboteur dealt her another blow, which was fatal.
Olga Ostroumova - Zhenya Komelkova
The main beauty in the film was played by Olga Ostroumova.
Unlike most of her colleagues in “...And the Dawns Here Are Quiet,” Ostroumova managed to become famous before participating in the war drama, starring in another film by Rostotsky, “We’ll Live Until Monday.” For “Earthly Love” and “Fate,” the artist received the USSR State Prize, and in the 2000s she appeared in the TV series “Poor Nastya” and “Don’t Be Born Beautiful.” In addition, the star successfully engaged in dubbing.
In the late 60s, Ostroumova married for the first time - to a fellow student at GITIS, Boris Annaberdyev, who later became a documentary director at Turkmenfilm. At first, the relationship was based on youthful love, but after distribution to theaters, the marriage cracked. In addition, Ostroumova just met Mikhail Levitin, with whom she truly fell in love.
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The couple had children Olga and Mikhail, but even this did not save the marriage in which the husband was not faithful to his wife. Ostroumova's next husband was Valentin Gaft. They knew each other from the days of “Garage”, but only got married in 1996. As the actress later admitted, at first she felt only love for her charismatic colleague, and only then strong and serious feelings arose.
The actors were married for almost a quarter of a century
“I’ll say a very frank thing, maybe there’s no need to say it in front of millions of viewers. This is feminine, probably many people had this: I wanted to annoy my former husband. Here is Gaft... I married him, he looked after him beautifully,” the star noted in the documentary “Olga Ostroumova. When they understand you..."
Whatever the actress thought at the beginning of her relationship with Gaft, in the end the marriage turned out to be strong and full of love. Only Valentin Iosifovich’s poor health could separate the couple: on December 12, 2020, the 85-year-old man died from the consequences of a previous stroke.
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“I can say that I had the honor and happiness of living closely with this man for quite a few years. I tried to be his protector, comrade, friend. And you know, from the audience’s love to hatred there is only one step. I believe that not a single word from some fool will lead you to this step. This will never happen to you. Thank you to those who are with us these days,” Ostroumova said at the funeral.
The military fate of Sonya Gurvich
At the beginning of the war, Sonya went to the military registration and enlistment office. She was assigned to be a translator because she knew German. However, at this time there were enough translators, since the front was on the defensive, but there was a shortage of anti-aircraft gunners. Gurvich was sent to serve as an anti-aircraft gunner along with Zhenya Komelkova at the 171st patrol.
When Sergeant Major Fedot Vaskov met Gurvich, he noticed to himself that war was not at all suitable for girls like her. War is extremely cruel and merciless. The fragility of such girls will certainly not withstand her blows. Sonya's appearance does not inspire confidence in him: she is unlikely to make a real soldier.
Sonya worries about her family. When Vaskov asked if her parents were alive, the girl could not answer accurately: she was not sure of anything, she did not have reliable information. She really wanted to believe that her family managed to hide somewhere from the Germans. It was very difficult for Jews then: they were persecuted. She was afraid for her family, who remained away from her. It is impossible for her to help and support them now.
Irina Dolganova - Sonya Gurvich
Sonya ran for the pouch forgotten by the sergeant major and ran into the Germans, who killed her with a stab in the chest.
The role of Sonya Gurvich remained the brightest in the actress’s film career: her filmography includes only three projects. But the artist has been serving in the Nizhny Novgorod Youth Theater for half a century.
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But Stanislav Rostotsky persuaded Dolganova to return to Moscow to continue acting. Irina Valerievna refused for a number of reasons: in Gorky (now Nizhny Novgorod - note from StarHit)
) she got a place in the theater, a husband and a child.
The actress preferred theater to cinema.
“My mother told me: “Never marry an artist,” and I heeded her advice. My Volodya graduated from the university, worked in the city administration - he dealt with youth issues, then went into business, and is now retired,” the actress said several years ago.
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Dolganova did not regret giving up her film career. “Once at a meeting with the audience they asked if I felt absolutely happy in my life,” the actress recalled. — She answered without hesitation: “Twice.” When my son Seryozha was born. And during the filming of “Dawns”.
Death of Sonya
Sonya was the second of the squad to die.
Her death was a freak accident. Everything could have turned out differently. Rita Osyanina forgot the pouch left by the foreman on the boulder. It’s hard for a man without a cigarette in war. Sonya understands this and, not wanting to upset the commander, rushes back. They only saw her. They didn't even have time to stop the girl. The scream that came not so far away was heard by Vaskov alone. He already knew what it could mean. The foreman’s assumptions were confirmed when he and Zhenya Komelkova discovered Sonya killed by the Germans. The Germans struck her directly in the chest. Before her death, having gathered her last strength, she manages to scream to warn her friends that the enemy is nearby and receives a second blow to the heart, which turns out to be fatal. Quiet and inconspicuous Sonya proved herself to be a brave and courageous person. Her death is not heroic, but she accomplished a real feat. Even if small and everyday, it was precisely from such feats that the great common Victory was formed.
Ekaterina Markova - Galya Chetvertak
Things didn’t work out for the character from the very beginning: first, a boot lost in a swamp, then a cold, and finally, death under bullets.
The actress was born into a family of writers Georgy Markov and Agnia Kuznetsova and, apparently, inherited their talent, because she began working in the 80s screenwriter and publish stories. However, viewers know Ekaterina Georgievna from her roles in the films “...And the Dawns Here Are Quiet,” “Affairs of the Heart,” “I Wish You Success” and “You Are the Only One for Me.”
Until 2016, Taratorkin played in films and theater
Markova abandoned her acting career due to a change in priorities: soon after the success of “...And the Dawns Here Are Quiet,” she married Georgy Taratorkin, gave birth to a son, Philip, and a daughter, Anna, and devoted herself to her family. The heir became a candidate of historical sciences and a teacher, but Anya became an artist.
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The marriage of Taratorkin and Markova was considered ideal, because for half a century no one had heard of infidelity or quarrels between the spouses. In the last years of his life, the artist fought cancer, and in February 2017 he died in a Moscow clinic, which was a blow to his wife. Literary activities and the care of children help the 74-year-old actress move on.
In part
At first glance, the fighter Gurvich stands out very little among her comrades. “Inconspicuous and efficient,” the author writes about her. In general dialogues, her voice is heard infrequently, she does not attract attention with humorous remarks or unexpected antics. The writer does not mention whether the girl has close friends among the anti-aircraft gunners.
Vaskov does not ignore the modest translator. When the squad is divided into pairs, the foreman takes her as a partner. She makes her way through the swamp immediately after him. But this behavior of the commander can be explained simply: the weak girl needs to be looked after. Left alone, the companions have almost no conversations: they have few common topics. Sonya is not talkative, but she cannot be called reserved either. She is frank and trusting. He simply answers questions without expecting anything bad from his interlocutor: rudeness or ridicule. The girl diligently carries out the orders of Fedot Evgrafych, although with all her desire, she does not succeed very well. Quacks worse than others, gets tired faster.
Meanwhile, it is Gurvich who, on the instructions of the foreman, should lead the detachment if he and Osyanina are out of action. Such an order is an indicator of a high degree of trust.
It’s hard not to notice the heroine’s sensitivity and tactful care towards people. This largely explains her inconspicuousness: the girl does not consider herself entitled to attract attention to herself. While dining with Vaskov from the same pot, she provokes his mocking remark: “I’m not your little friend, you see, and there’s no point in giving me pieces. Turn it up like a fighter should.” Although it is unlikely that Sonya did this consciously: caring for others is the essence of her natural intelligence. Sonya is attentive to others, not to herself, as if she is trying to guess the moment when she can help, serve, please with something. For example, lay the foreman's overcoat on the stone where he was about to sit, or run for the left pouch.
The daughter of a doctor, who grew up in an intelligent environment, surrounded by books and music, Sonya, like no other girl, was far from military life. No one in her family even wore boots. Due to her inexperience, she took a pair two sizes too large. Vaskov notes with annoyance that because of this, the fragile girl stomps loudly when running. Maybe this stomp attracted the attention of the Nazis when Gurvich, disobeying the order, ran for the commander’s pouch. Or the girl, delighted that she could do something good for someone else, stumbled upon the Germans herself and in her haste did not notice their close presence. But Sonya is the only one of the five who found herself directly in the hands of the enemy. A former student died from a knife attack.
Vaskov thinks with gratitude that Gurvich managed to shout before her death to warn them. Even after her death, Sonya helps the living. A boot is removed from her foot for Galya Chetvertak, who lost hers in the swamp.
Lyudmila Zaitseva - senior sergeant Kiryanova
Kiryanova was the eldest of the anti-aircraft gunners.
In 1967, the actress appeared in an episode of Andrei Konchalovsky’s film “The Story of Asya Klyachina, Who Loved but Didn’t Get Married,” and five years later she received the main role in the film “Hello and Farewell.” In the drama by Stanislav Rostotsky, the artist got a secondary but bright heroine - platoon commander Kiryanov.
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Much later, 10 years later, Zaitseva was awarded the State Prize for the film “Childhood Holidays.” No less striking were the roles in “Little Vera”, “The Medicine Man” and “Quiet Don”. True, it is worth noting that during the period of perestroika, the actress disappeared from the screens for a long time.
Vasilisa Voronina graduated from VGIK and became a master of dubbing
The star was distinguished by her enviable constancy: she married only once - with director Gennady Voronin. The couple lived happily until the artist became a widow 10 years ago. “He was a very strong man, but he missed his work, his calling. When a heart attack occurred, followed by a stroke, he literally lost interest in life. In the hospital I lay with my face turned to the wall, not talking to anyone. He then no longer wanted to live. The only joy during that period was the birth of his grandson Seraphim, he adored him,” the artist said about her chosen one’s illness.
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Based on materials from “7 Days”.
Photo: Legion-Media, PhotoXPress.ru, Maxim Ratnikov, press service archive, personal archive, Instagram.com, footage from the film “...And the Dawns Here Are Quiet”
Option 3
Sofya Gurvich is one of five anti-aircraft gunners who were in a group led by Sergeant Major Vaskov. Like other heroines of Boris Vasiliev’s work, the girl is a strong and brave person and sacrifices her life for the liberation of her Motherland.
Sonya, like all members of her friendly and large family, is Jewish by nationality. Her relatives live in Minsk, Sonya’s dad is a local doctor. Her family is not rich: while studying at the university, the girl wears her sisters’ gray and tatty altered dresses. She knows nothing about the fate of her relatives, but sincerely believes that they managed to escape.
Outwardly, Sonya is described as a young girl with a sharp, ugly, but serious face and a skinny figure. She is discreet, modest and efficient. A girl, having studied excellently at Moscow University for a year, goes to the front. While studying, Sonya meets a bespectacled neighbor at lectures and spends an unforgettable evening with him, but after this the young man voluntarily goes to war, leaving her a thin collection of Blok’s poems as a souvenir.
After graduating from German language courses, she, along with Zhenya Komelkova, ends up in a detachment of anti-aircraft gunners, since “there were enough translators, but there were no anti-aircraft gunners.” It is precisely because of his good knowledge of German that soldier Gurvich ends up in the group of Sergeant Major Vaskov.
Sonya is distinguished by her intelligence and poetic nature. During her student years, she is interested in theater and the library, then other girls are attracted to dancing. She loves poetry, and even during the war she reads them out loud from her collection.
Soldier Gurvich is the first from Vaskov’s detachment to die. The foreman asks Rita Osyanina to take his tobacco, but she forgets about it, and Sonya wants to rectify the situation. She decides to go back and pick up the ill-fated tobacco pouch. While she is running along the path she has taken twice, a German soldier overtakes her. He kills her with two blows of the knife: the first blow, intended for a man, does not reach the heart because of the chest.
Before her death, she manages to scream, and this scream is heard by the foreman. She is buried, and bitter thoughts appear in Vaskov’s head: “... Sonya could have given birth to children, and they would have grandchildren and great-grandchildren, but now this thread will not exist. A small thread in the endless yarn of humanity, cut by a knife..."
The anti-aircraft gunner, like the other heroines of the work, is brave and courageous, but her fate is tragic. In the image and death of Sonya Gurvich, the author shows the severity of women's fate in war. All the girls from Fedot Vaskov’s detachment had their own plans and hopes, which the war mercilessly destroyed.
Other works: ← Image and characterization of Zhenya Komelkova in the story And the dawns here are quiet ↑ Vasiliev B. L. Image and characterization Rita Osyanina And the dawns here are quiet →
